Forma atípica da síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser com malformação renal e displasia cervicotorácica (associação de MURCS) / Atipical form of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome with renal malformation and skeletal abnormalities (MURCS association)

A forma atípica e mais severa da síndrome Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) ou MRKH tipo II é também conhecida como associação de MURCS, cujo mnemônico significa aplasia/hipoplasia mülleriana (MU), malformação renal (R) e displasia cervicotorácica (CS). Acomete pacientes do sexo feminino com cariótipo e função ovariana normais, acarretando amenorreia primária. Apresenta incidência de 1:50.000, subestimada pelo diagnóstico tardio e etiologia mal definida. Descrevemos um caso em criança e outro em adolescente, com o objetivo de predizer o diagnóstico ainda na infância, antes da instalação do quadro de amenorreia; as pacientes apresentavam em comum malformação renal, agenesia ou hipoplasia de derivados müllerianos e anomalias vertebrais, configurando o diagnóstico de MURCS. A relevância do estudo é mostrar a necessidade de prosseguir a investigação na presença de algum dos sinais da doença, pesquisando anormalidades correlatas, a fim de se estabelecer o diagnóstico precocemente e, consequentemente, orientar pacientes e seus familiares quanto à melhor forma de condução do caso, incluindo aconselhamento genético.

The atypical and more severe form of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) or MRKH type II is also known as MURCS association, an acronym meaning aplasia/hypoplasia of Müllerian ducts (MU), congenital renal dysplasia (R) and cervico-thoracic dysplasia (CS). It affects female patients with normal karyotype and ovarian function, evolving to primary amenorrhea. It has an incidence of 1:50,000, but it is underestimated due to late diagnosis and undefined etiology. We describe the cases of a child and an adolescent in order to predict the diagnosis even in childhood, before the onset of amenorrhea. Patients had in common renal malformation, agenesis or hypoplasia of Müllerian derivatives and vertebral anomalies, establishing the diagnosis of MURCS. The relevance of this paper is to show the importance of further investigation when some of pathologic signs are present, researching correlated abnormalities in order to establish an early diagnosis and consequently to provide guidance to the patients and their families about the best way to conduct the case, including genetic counseling.

Clinical, neuroimaging and cytogenetic findings in 20 patients with corpus callosum dysgenesis

Twenty children with corpus callosum agenesis or hypoplasia were evaluated under a standardized investigation protocol. Psychomotor retardation, seizures, and craniofacial anomalies were the most prominent findings. There were three cases of chromosomal anomalies, all of them representing trisomy of chromosome 8